Domestic Violence in Malaysia: Know Your Rights

What Is Domestic Violence Under Malaysian Law?

Malaysia's primary legislation protecting victims of domestic violence is the Domestic Violence Act 1994 (DVA 1994), which was significantly strengthened by the Domestic Violence (Amendment) Act 2017. The DVA 1994 covers seven recognised forms of abuse: physical injury, sexual assault, emotional abuse, psychological abuse, harassment, confinement, and causing financial damage. Critically, the law protects not only spouses but also children, parents, in-laws, siblings, and members of the same household.

Both the civil courts (Sessions Court, High Court) and Syariah courts have authority to grant protection orders in Malaysia. For Muslim victims, a protection order can be obtained through either system, giving greater flexibility. Non-Muslim victims proceed through the civil courts. The 2017 amendments introduced a new category — the Emergency Protection Order (EPO) — which police can issue immediately, within hours, without requiring the victim to go to court first.

Domestic violence is a criminal offence in Malaysia. An abuser can face prosecution under the DVA 1994, the Penal Code, or both. If you are in immediate danger, call the police (999) or the Talian Kasih crisis line (15999) first. A protection order, interim protection order, or EPO can then be sought through your nearest magistrate's court or police station. You do not need a lawyer to apply — the court's welfare officer can assist you.

Types of Protection Orders Available

• Emergency Protection Order (EPO) — Issued by police at the scene. No court attendance needed. Valid immediately and for 7 days.
• Interim Protection Order (IPO) — Issued by a magistrate or judge within 24 hours. Prohibits abuser from committing further violence or entering the home.
• Protection Order (PO) — Long-term order made after a full hearing. Can last up to 12 months and is renewable.